The kind of rain that fell in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, the floods that occurred, it is clearly visible that the flood map of India is changing. Because in the earlier map, the threat of floods is seen only in UP, Bihar and the north-eastern states. Now the limits of ‘urban flooding’ are increasing. The government needs to make a new map.
The rainy season has changed in the entire country. It is expected that this time the monsoon will also be late. The reason is the cyclones, depressions and low pressure areas formed over the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. Now a new pattern of storms has come. It forms on land. Then it slides into the sea. After that its strength increases further.
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The areas of the country which were earlier known for drought, now receive heavy rainfall. There are terrible floods. Or both the situations are arising. If we believe the NDMA i.e. National Disaster Management Authority, then the most flood-affected areas are in the Ganga-Brahmaputra basin. From Himachal in the north to Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. But now even coastal states like Odisha, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh and some parts of Telangana are getting flooded.
Where there used to be drought, there are now floods
According to a report by IPE Global and ESRI-India, in 80 percent of the districts of Gujarat, both the quantity and intensity of rainfall have increased in the last two decades. This year’s flood in Saurashtra tells the story. Earlier there were 110 districts in the country which went from drought to flood. But now there are 149 districts which are facing more floods than drought.
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60 percent of the districts of Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh and Assam face extreme weather events at least once a year. By 2036, more than 147 crore people of the country will be affected by such disasters.
The weather is hard to predict
All the extreme disasters that will occur from 1973 to 2023 have been studied in this new report. The surprising thing is that whether it is the floods in Delhi, Gujarat, Telangana, Rajasthan, landslides in Wayanad or the skin-melting heat this time, scientists and experts cannot predict their occurrence because their intensity and quantity increases suddenly. 90 percent districts of Assam, 87 percent districts of Bihar, 75 percent districts of Odisha and 93 percent districts of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana can be troubled by extreme floods anytime.
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Abinash Mohanty, the main scientist who conducted this study, said that now the heat is flowing from the land towards the sea. As has happened in Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Due to this, the heat of the sea is increasing further. This affects the weather. For example, Srikakulam, Cuttack, Guntur in South India and West Champaran of Bihar, which were earlier known for floods, are now facing drought. This is happening more especially in the plains.
The weather is changing, it is clearly visible … some signs too
The effect of changing weather is clearly visible. Landslide in Wayanad. Flood in Gujarat after heavy rains. Snow disappears from Om Parvat in Uttarakhand. Weather changes suddenly and water accumulates in cities. Now look at this year’s monsoon. It was weak in June. But after that, both its intensity and quantity have increased in September.
The surprising thing is that the weather used to be a little cold during monsoon. But this time the heat is not reducing. The number of dry and hot days is increasing in the eastern states. Former scientist of the Meteorological Department, Anand Sharma says that climate change and increasing temperature are the biggest reasons for such seasonal changes. Therefore, it is important to stop it in any way. Otherwise, extreme weather events can happen anywhere and at any time. These can also be very frightening.
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