Dr. Kapil Sharma, Director of Endoscopy, Sarvodaya Hospital
Gastrointestinal diseases constitute a serious public health problem in India due to its diverse population and changing lifestyles and dietary habits. These diseases cover a wide range of issues, from common conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) to more serious conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), liver disease and gastrointestinal cancers. The growing prevalence of these diseases highlights the need for a deeper understanding of their risk factors and the healthcare responses required to address this challenge.
The increase in gastrointestinal diseases in India is closely associated with urbanization, dietary changes, and lifestyle changes. About 20% of the urban population suffers from gastroesophageal reflux disease, and its increase is caused by obesity, high-fat diets and sedentary lifestyles. IBS affects an estimated 4% to 22% of people and is affected by factors such as stress, eating habits and gut microbiota.
At the same time, IBD, which includes conditions such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is becoming increasingly common, especially in urban areas, with rates ranging from 6 to 15 per 100,000 people. Liver diseases including hepatitis B and C, alcoholic liver disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are of serious concern. The World Health Organization estimates that about 40 million people in India are chronically infected with hepatitis B. Additionally, India has one of the highest rates of gastrointestinal cancers in the world, especially gastric and esophageal cancers, which are often associated with smoking, dietary habits, and Helicobacter pylori infection.
Be wary of physical illness
Many factors contribute to the increasing burden of these diseases. A Western diet that tends to be rich in fat, sugar, and processed foods has been linked to conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease and inflammatory bowel disease. Urbanization also leads to reduced physical activity, leading to an increase in obesity and related gastrointestinal diseases. Additionally, increased stress levels in urban settings are associated with increased prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and other functional gastrointestinal disorders. Poor hygiene can further increase the risk of gastrointestinal infection, which can lead to serious illness.
India’s healthcare infrastructure faces significant challenges in managing these diseases. While urban areas generally have better medical facilities, rural areas often lack specialized care, leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment. There is also a serious lack of public awareness of gastrointestinal diseases, which is not conducive to early detection and timely treatment. Educational initiatives are necessary to educate communities about symptoms and preventive measures. Furthermore, comprehensive data on the prevalence and management of these diseases are limited, complicating public health response and resource allocation.
Control mental stress
To effectively address the increasing burden of gastrointestinal disease, multiple strategies can be pursued. Public information campaigns focusing on symptoms, preventive measures and the importance of early medical consultation can go a long way in reducing the disease burden. Strengthening healthcare infrastructure through telemedicine and mobile health units can improve healthcare delivery, especially in rural areas. Increased investment in research, including the establishment of documentation and monitoring systems, will improve the understanding and management of these conditions. Promoting healthy lifestyles through public health initiatives focusing on nutrition, physical activity, and stress management may help reduce associated risk factors.
The current state of gastroenterology in India presents both challenges and opportunities. By recognizing the prevalence and impact of these diseases, increasing access to health care, and raising public awareness, India can work to reduce the burden of these diseases and improve overall health outcomes. Building a healthy future requires a collaborative effort between healthcare professionals, policymakers and communities.
Please stay tuned for TV9 Digital’s special program
To discuss these issues in depth, TV9 Digital will host a special event with Dr. Kapil Sharma, Head of Gastroenterology and Head of Endoscopy, Sarvodaya Hospital, National Capital Region, Delhi. With over 20 years of expertise in the field, Dr. Sharma is a leading physician proficient in advanced endoscopic techniques. This informative session will cover important topics related to gastroenterology problems, identification, preventive measures and available medical support. Please watch TV9 Network’s YouTube channel for this important discussion. For more information or to book an appointment with Dr. Sharma, please contact Sarvodaya Hospital, Sector 8, Faridabad at 18003131414 or visit sarvodayahospital.com.
